Single-mode fibers can transmit data up to 100 kilometers (62 miles) or more before signal boosting (also known as regeneration or amplification) is needed. With proper amplification systems, single mode installations can extend to thousands of kilometers – submarine. For example, a fiber optic cable with a distance of 1km supports a bandwidth of 500MHz, while a fiber optic cable with a distance of 2km can only support a bandwidth of 250MHz. There are three main reasons for this: First, high-bandwidth signals are more susceptible to chromatic dispersion than. In a perfect, lab-like setting without signal degradation, fiber optics could theoretically transmit data for hundreds of thousands of kilometers. However, real-world systems face fundamental limitations. Attenuation, or signal loss over distance, is the primary restriction.